KEY CONCEPTS
- Most transient ischemic attacks last less than 1 hour.
- Almost half of transient ischemic attacks result in cerebral infarction on diffusion-weighted imaging; the chance of infarction increases with increasing duration of symptoms.
- According to new proposed criteria in 2002, the presence of a new infarction on CT or MRI in association with a referable symptom, regardless of symptom duration, is defined as a stroke.
- Isolated dizziness (including vertigo) and syncope are rarely transient ischemic attacks.
- Weakness in the face on the side opposite to weakness in the arm and leg suggests brainstem ischemia.
- Gaze deviation toward the side of weakness suggests brainstem ischemia, whereas gaze deviation away from the weakness suggests hemispheric ischemia.
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